Contraception Method

Non-hormonal contraception
Contraception to prevent sexual intercourse from causing pregnancy. This data sheet describes the non-hormonal methods. For more information on alternatives such as the pill, see the separate BUPA fact sheet hormonal contraceptives.
Non-hormonal contraception works by either preventing sperm fertilizing an egg or preventing implantation of a fertilized egg in the uterine lining. The main methods are:
Barrier methods,intrauterine contraceptive (IUCD's)natural family planning,Sterilization.Barrier methods
These are the physical barriers that stop the sperm coming into contact with the egg, allowing fertilization.
Male condom
A condom is a thin sheath, usually made of latex, which is rolled onto an erect penis before
sexual contact. They should not be used with an oil lubricant such as Vaseline, as these can cause the latex to break. Water-based lubricant such as KY Jelly are, and spermicidal creams or suppositories safe.
After sex, the condom for leaks and cracks should be reviewed before it dropped (not flush condoms down the toilet). If there is a problem, emergency contraception (the "morning after" pill), may be required. For more information, see the factsheet on hormonal contraceptives.
Used as directed, condoms are 98% effective in preventing pregnancy. This means two women in 100 will get pregnant in a year.
Condoms can also protect both partners against certain sexually transmitted infections like HIV, gonorrhea and genital warts.
The female condom
A condom for women (female condoms) is a thin, soft polyurethane pouch that is inside the vagina before sex. It has an inner ring that goes to the upper part of the vagina, and an outer, which should be visible. The female condom is less likely than the male condom break.
When used as directed, the female condom is 95% effective.
The diaphragm and the cap
The diaphragm and cap are devices made of thin, soft rubber, made in the upper part of the vagina to the cervix (cervical) cover are installed. They act as a barrier to sperm.
Caps are smaller than diaphragms, but both are available in various designs and sizes.must be mounted in the first instance, the cap or diaphragm by a doctor or family planning nurse to ensure that it is the right size and is properly positioned. After the first assembly, they are put in place up to a few hours before sex. They must be used with a spermicide cream or pessary, and should be left for at least six hours after sex.
When properly used with spermicide, caps and covers 92 to 96% effective in preventing pregnancy.
Sponge
This is a small sponge with spermicidal cream or gel impregnated. It is moistened before use with water and then inserted high into the vagina to cover the cervix. It needs to be left in place for at least six hours after sex, and can be left for up to 30 hours, although there is a risk of infection if greater than the left.
This method provides 70-90% protection.
SpermicidesThese are creams, gels or suppositories (soluble tablets, inserted into the vagina) that a chemical that kills sperm contain. You can the effectiveness of barrier methods of contraception, but they do not provide reliable contraception when used alone.Spermicides can be bought from pharmacies without a prescription. Some condoms have a coating of spermicidal lubricant.
The IUCD or coil
The intrauterine contraceptive (IUCD) - or coil - is a small plastic and copper device that is in the womb (uterus) by a doctor or a nurse. It is designed to prevent the sperm meeting the egg, the egg and may also move more slowly through the fallopian tube and to stop an egg in the uterus.
The main advantage of a coil is that, once present, there is no need to worry about contraception. As long as the coil remains in force, it can be left for three minutes a decade ago. Are you up to 98% effective.
However, there are some drawbacks. Coils, a woman periods heavier, longer or more painful. This may improve after several months.
There is a small chance of infection during the first 20 days after a coil is put in. Many doctors will advise a check-up for any existing infection before they fit a coil. Infection can spread into the uterus and fallopian tubes, and may lead to infertility. For this reason, a doctor can not recommend the coil unless the woman has children she wants.
Rarely, perhaps a coil perforation of the uterus or cervix when it is appropriate. This can cause pain, but often there are no other symptoms. If this happens, the coil can be located with an X-ray and away in a small operation.
If pregnancy occurs while using a coil, a low risk of an ectopic pregnancy. This is when the pregnancy develops outside the uterus, usually in a fallopian tube. This is rare, it is dangerous, yes, if you miss a period, see your doctor. An IUCD does not protect against sexually transmitted infections.
There is also a coil available - the Mirena coil - which with a hormone that prevents pregnancy is impregnated. For more information on this form of hormonal contraception, see the separate BUPA fact sheet.
Natural Family Planning (NFP)
These include reducing the likelihood of becoming pregnant when planning around sex fertile and infertile times during the menstrual cycle in women.
If the woman has a regular cycle, it can be 80 to 98% effective in preventing pregnancy.To the most effective, natural family planning should be taught by an experienced teacher NFP.
The key is to keep a diary for the woman to find out when they ovulate - the point of the cycle where sex most likely to lead during pregnancy. It involves recording the dates of their periods for three to six months. Ovulation occurs approximately 12 to 16 days before the start of the next period. The fertile period lasts about eight or nine days around ovulation, because although an egg only lives for 24 hours, sperm can survive in the woman's body for up to seven days.
Measuring and recording body temperature with an accurate thermometer every morning you can find out when ovulation occurs. After ovulation, the body temperature may rise by 0.2 to 0.6 degrees Celsius. However, a higher temperature for other reasons such as illness happened, it is not a fail-safe indicator.
Cervical secretions also change during the monthly cycle, so the woman can determine discharge, when ovulation has taken place to monitor.
It is a device available (so-called Persona), which measures body temperature and hormone levels in urine. When used as directed, the manufacturer claims it is 94% effective. It may not work well for women who have short or long cycles, in women using certain medicines such as tetracycline (an antibiotic) or women who have certain medical conditions. Check with a pharmacist ..
The withdrawal method
This includes the penis before ejaculation. It is not a reliable method and can not be regarded as a contraceptive method, because some sperm leak out of the penis before ejaculation.
Sterilization
This is an operation to permanently prevent conception. It is only for people that they do not want no more children are recommended. The failure rate of sterilization is about one in 2,000 men and about one for 200 women. These operations are not readily reversible.
Men
Men are sterilized in a procedure known as vasectomy. This is a minor operation usually performed under local anesthesia. It involves cutting or tying the tubes (vas deferens) that carry sperm from the testicles to the penis.
WomenThis is an operation performed under general anesthesia, usually as an outpatient surgery. The fallopian tubes are cut, tied or blocked, often through keyhole surgery. The alternative is a hysterectomy, removal of the uterus after pregnancy is not possible.